Multiple Intelligence

Dr Howard Gardener founded the multiple intelligence theory that was published in his book 'Frames of Mind' in 1983. Howard Gardener stated the reason for creating the list of intelligences was because it allows us to "make the case for plurality and intellect" (1993). There are two key elements to the theory: (1) Intelligence is NOT fixed and (2) there are many different forms of intelligence. Howard Gardener suggested we have several separate intellectual capacities, each of which deserves to be called and intelligence. The seven intelligences are:
Linguistic
Logical-Mathematical
Spatial
Musical
Bodily-kinaesthetic
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal

Linguistic intelligence: The individual expresses themselves through words both written and orally.  They learn best through listening, reading or discussion.  An example of this type of intelligence is a poet or an author.
Logical-mathematical intelligence: Based on reasoning and possess the ability to detect patterns and relationships. People with this intelligence like data which allows them to collect, organise, analyse, interpret, conclude and predict. An example of this type of intelligence is a scientist or mathematician.
Spatial intelligence:The individual can visualise easy, creating mental images and learn best through visual presentation such as pictures, videos, demonstrations and models. Through drawing, painting or sculpting their ideas are portrayed and often represent moods and emotions through art. An example of this type of intelligence is an architect.
Musical intelligence: The individual is sensitive to sound and associated with a well-developed sense of rhythm. They often sing, whistle or hum while participating in an activity.  An example of this type of intelligence is a musician.
Bodily- kinaesthetic intelligence: The individual processes information through the sensations of the body, they enjoy moving around, acting things out and touching people they are conversing with. They enjoy sporting activities of all kinds and can express emotion through dance. An example of this type of intelligence is an athlete.
Interpersonal intelligence: The individual enjoys working in groups, learn while interacting and co-operating with others and also can build and maintain relationships. An example of this type of intelligence is a teacher.
Intrapersonal intelligence:  The individual has an understanding of self, their abilities, beliefs and emotions.  These people are often highly self- motivated. An example of this type of intelligence is a philosopher.

What are the benefits of providing these intelligences?

•        Improvement of self-esteem and attitude towards learning 
•        Help students to recognise and value their strengths and talents
•         Increase motivation to learn 
•        Offers an alternative perspective of intelligence
•        Allows schools the opportunity to redefine intelligence and success 
•         Helps teachers understand and value various talents each individual child